Revised Penal Code · Usurpation

Article 312

Occupation of real property or usurpation of real rights in property

Amended
By RA 10951 (2017)

Current text, as of October 15, 2026

Any person who, by means of violence against or intimidation of persons, shall take possession of any real property or shall usurp any real rights in property belonging to another, in addition to the penalty incurred for the acts of violence executed by him, shall be punished by a fine from fifty (50) to one hundred (100) per centum of the gain which he shall have obtained, but not less than Fifteen thousand pesos (₱15,000).

If the value of the gain cannot be ascertained, a fine from Forty thousand pesos (₱40,000) to One hundred thousand pesos (₱100,000) shall be imposed.

Consolidated by Alleba from the 1930 text of Act No. 3815 (Lawphil) and the amending Republic Acts in our library. Amendments made by Presidential Decrees, Batas Pambansa or executive orders are not yet included. For information and research only, and not legal advice. This text may not reflect later amendments. For certified copies, refer to the Official Gazette or the issuing agency.